Periodontitis - Bacterial infections 
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1   A strategy for eradicating periodontal bacteria - Abstract
2   Pathogen and resistance spectrum in intraoral infections of the jaw-facial
     area with special reference to anaerobic bacteria - Abstract
3  Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species: a review of antibiotic
     resistance and therapeutic options - Abstract
4  Metronidazole in periodontitis V: debridement should precede medication.


  

  

    
   Adjuvant antibiotic therapy as a 2-step treatment concept in early-onset
                       periodontitis: a strategy for eradication of bacteria that cause periodontitis.... 
    

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1 A strategy for eradicating periodontal bacteria - Abstract

TITLE:  [Adjuvant antibiotic therapy as a 2-step treatment concept
         in early-onset periodontitis: a strategy for eradication of bacteria
         that cause periodontitis]

VERNACULAR TITLE:  Adjuvante Antibiotikagabe in einem Zweischritt-Therapiekonzept f
ur die fruh beginnende Parodontitis. Eine Strategie zur Eradikation parodontopathogener
Bakterien.

AUTHORS:  Sigusch B; Pfister W; Klinger G; Glockmann E

AUTHOR AFFILIATION:  Poliklinik fur Konservierende Zahnheilkunde,
Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena. bernd.w.sigusch@med.uni-jena.de
SOURCE:  Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2000 Oct 6;125(40):1186-91.

CITATION IDS:  PMID: 11075250 UI: 20526386

ABSTRACT:  BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The periodontal region is a source of
gram-negative bacterial infection. The pathogens involved have recently also
been demonstrated in atheromatous plaques. They may increase the risk of
myocardial infarction. In this study a strategy for eradicating periodontal
bacteria and thus healing in patients with periodontal pockets and advanced
destruction of alveolar bone was examined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Initial
periodontal status was documented in 36 patients with periodontitis
(24 women, 12 men) who were then randomly assigned to one of three groups.
Those in two of the groups were given either metronidazole or doxycycline
orally as adjuvant treatment, while the third group received no antibiotics.
Patients in all groups were treated according to a two-step procedure.
In step 1, extensive supra- and subgingival plaques and concrements were removed.
In step 2, root debridement and/or closed curettage of all pockets was undertaken
in one visit, and the antibiotic given to the patients in groups 1 and 2.
Results were assessed 3 weeks after the first step and 6 months, 2 and
4 years after step 2. RESULTS: The initial examination at 3 weeks revealed
significant changes in all three groups with regard to the incidence of plaque
and sulcus bleeding, but not regarding probing depth and attachment level.
However, there were significant changes in probing depth and attachment
level in all groups after step 2. Periodontal attachment was significantly
improved at 2 and 4 years in the patients on metronidazole, but not those on
doxycycline or no antibiotics. The greatest decrease in bleeding tendency was
recorded in the metronidazole group. This group also had the greatest gain of
new alveolar bone compared with the other two groups. Complete eradication of
Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus (Hemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans,
important pathogenic bacteria that may have an atherogenic action, was obtained
only in patients on metronidazole. CONCLUSION: The tissue-sparing two-step
procedure brought about good clinical and radiological results, which can be
significantly bettered by the addition of metronidazole, achieving eradication
of pathogens involved in periodontal disease.

MAIN MESH HEADINGS:  Antibiotics/*pharmacology

Bacteria/*drug effects
Periodontitis/*therapy
Periodontium/*microbiology
ADDITIONAL MESH HEADINGS:  Administration, Oral
Adolescence
Adult
Alveolar Bone Loss/drug therapy
Alveolar Bone Loss/therapy
Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage
Antibiotics/administration & dosage
Antibiotics, Tetracycline/administration & dosage
Bacteria/isolation & purification
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
Comparative Study
Curettage
Data Interpretation, Statistical
Debridement
Dental Plaque/therapy
Doxycycline/administration & dosage
Female
Focal Infection, Dental/prevention & control
Follow-Up Studies
Human
Male
Metronidazole/administration & dosage
Middle Age
Periodontal Pocket/drug therapy
Periodontal Pocket/therapy
Periodontitis/drug therapy
Periodontitis/microbiology

Time Factors
2001/2
2001/28 10:1

PUBLICATION TYPES:  Clinical Trial
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial

CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:  0 (Anti-Infective Agents)
0 (Antibiotics)
0 (Antibiotics, Tetracycline)
443-48-1 (Metronidazole)
564-25-0 (Doxycycline)
LANGUAGES:  ger


  

  

    
   
          Pathogen and resistance spectrum in intraoral infections of the jaw-facial  area
             with special reference to anaerobic bacteria.... 
    

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2 Pathogen and resistance spectrum in intraoral infections of the jaw-facial area
     with special reference to anaerobic bacteria - Abstract


TITLE:  [Pathogen and resistance spectrum in intraoral infections of the jaw-facial area
         with special reference to anaerobic bacteria]

VERNACULAR TITLE:  Erreger- und Resistenzspektrum bei intraoralen Infektionen des
                   Kiefer-Gesichts-Bereichs unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der
                   anaeroben Keimflora.

AUTHORS:  Eick S; Pfister W; Korn-Stemme S; Magdefessel-Schmutzer U; Straube E

AUTHOR AFFILIATION:  Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat
                     Jena, Deutschland.

SOURCE:  Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir 2000 Jul;4(4):234-9.

CITATION IDS:  PMID: 10994323 UI: 20449776

ABSTRACT:  The aim of the study was to obtain more knowledge about the aerobic and anaerobic
species causing maxillofacial infections and their resistance patterns today. Samples of pus
or infectious tissue obtained from 110 patients of maxillofacial surgery were investigated
microbiologically by means of aerobic and anaerobic cultivation. After incubation,
the cultivated species were isolated and identified. The resistance patterns of all bacteria
to penicillin, doxycyclin, and clindamycin were determined. Additionally, the resistance of
aerobic species to cefuroxim was documented, and the MICs of cefoxitin and metronidazole to
the anaerobic species were assessed. The most frequent disease was periodontitis apicalis
(70 patients). Aerobic species alone were found in 23% of the samples, 14% of the infections
harbored only anaerobes, but 63% were mixed infections caused by aerobic and anaerobic
bacteria. In case of detection of aerobic species, streptococci were always identified.
Five patients were infected by Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative aerobic rods were
found in eight patients. Most of the anaerobic species were black pigmented prevotella
species (62), nonpigmented prevotellae (56), and fusobacteria (37). Metronidazole and
clindamycin were highly efficient to gram-negative anaerobic rods. Most of the oral
species were resistant to penicillin and doxycyclin. The indication for applying
antibiotics should always be noticed and these drugs should only be used after
determination of the pathogenic microorganisms and their susceptibility to the
antimicrobials.

MAIN MESH HEADINGS:  Bacterial Infections/*microbiology

Odontogenic Cysts/*microbiology
Periodontitis/*microbiology
Surgical Wound Infection/*microbiology
ADDITIONAL MESH HEADINGS:  Bacteria, Aerobic/drug effects
Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification
Bacteria, Anaerobic/drug effects
Bacteria, Anaerobic/isolation & purification
Bacterial Infections/drug therapy
Bacteriological Techniques
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Human
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Odontogenic Cysts/drug therapy
Periodontitis/drug therapy
Surgical Wound Infection/drug therapy
2001/2
2001/28 10:1
PUBLICATION TYPES:  Journal Article
LANGUAGES:  ger


  

  

    
   Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species: a review of antibiotic
                       resistance and therapeutic options... 
    

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3 Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species: a review of antibiotic
     resistance and therapeutic options.

TITLE:  Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species: a review of antibiotic
        resistance and therapeutic options.

AUTHORS:  Falagas ME; Siakavellas E

AUTHOR AFFILIATION:  Hygeia Hospital, 4 Er. Stavrou Str., 151 23, Athens, Greece.
                     falagas@ath.forthnet.gr

SOURCE:  Int J Antimicrob Agents 2000 Jun;15(1):1-9.

CITATION IDS:  PMID: 10856670 UI: 20316353

ABSTRACT:  Recent basic and clinical research efforts have shed more light on the taxonomy,
microbiology, epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment of Bacteroides,
Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species. Of all anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides is the most
frequently isolated pathogen from clinical specimens, including blood. Bacteroides,
Prevotella and/or Porphyromonas species have been isolated from clinical specimens in
cases of infection from almost all anatomic sites. Several multicentre surveys have
documented an alarming gradual increase of resistance rates of Bacteroides, Prevotella
and Porphyromonas species worldwide. Antimicrobial agents active against >99% of clinical
isolates of Bacteroides are metronidazole, chloramphenicol and carbapenems. Agents active
against 95-99% of Bacteroides fragilis isolates are the beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor
combinations. B. fragilis group species other than B. fragilis are more likely to be
resistant to beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations than B. fragilis.

MAIN MESH HEADINGS:  Anti-Infective Agents/*pharmacology

Bacteroides/*drug effects
Porphyromonas/*drug effects
Prevotella/*drug effects

ADDITIONAL MESH HEADINGS:  Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use

Bacterial Infections/drug therapy
Drug Resistance, Microbial
Human
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
2000/09
2000/23 11:01
PUBLICATION TYPES:  Journal Article
Review
Review, Tutorial
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:  0 (Anti-Infective Agents)
LANGUAGES:  eng


  

  

    
   Metronidazole in periodontitis V: debridement should precede medication... 
    

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4 Metronidazole in periodontitis V: debridement should precede medication. 

TITLE:  Metronidazole in periodontitis V: debridement should precede medication.

AUTHORS:  Loesche WJ; Giordano JR

AUTHOR AFFILIATION:  University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor.

SOURCE:  Compendium 1994 Oct;15(10):1198, 1201, 1203 passim; quiz 1218.

CITATION IDS:  PMID: 7987887 UI: 95079473

ABSTRACT:  Two previous double-blind studies have shown that 1 week of metronidazole,
plus scaling and root planing, can significantly reduce the number of teeth per patient
that require periodontal surgery, when compared to a positive-control treatment that
consisted of 1 week of placebo treatment plus scaling and root planing. The only
difference between the two studies was that in one, metronidazole or placebo tablets
were taken at the beginning of the debridement procedures, while in the other,
the tablets were taken after all debridement was completed. This article describes
the results obtained by combining the data from both studies and using an analysis of
variance to identify the effects of medication and those of the study protocol. There
was an average reduction in surgical needs of about 7.1 teeth per patient using
metronidazole compared to 2.4 teeth in the positive-control group (P = 0.004).
In the deep pockets, there was a significant protocol effect because there were
additional improvements associated with using the medications after the debridement
was completed.

MAIN MESH HEADINGS:  Metronidazole/*therapeutic use

Periodontitis/*drug therapy
*Root Planing
ADDITIONAL MESH HEADINGS:  Adult
Analysis of Variance
Bacteria, Anaerobic/isolation & purification
Clinical Protocols
Dental Plaque/microbiology
Dental Scaling
Double-Blind Method
Human
Periodontal Pocket/pathology
Periodontitis/microbiology
Periodontitis/therapy
Spirochaetales/isolation & purification
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Treatment Outcome
1994/10
1994/01
PUBLICATION TYPES:  Clinical Trial
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
CAS REGISTRY NUMBERS:  443-48-1 (Metronidazole)
LANGUAGES:  eng
GRANT/CONTRACT ID:  DE-06030/DE/NIDCR